Resistance in Series

Resistance in Series:

In an Electric circuits when some conductors having resistances R1, R2 and R3 etc, are connected by its terminals end-on-end is said to be connected in series. The equivalent resistance or total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances.

In  a series circuit, it should be remembered that

(i) Current is the same through all the conductors.

(ii) Voltage drop across each is different due to its different resistance.

(iii) Sum of the voltage drops is equal to the voltage applied across the conductors

V = IR

V= V1 + V2 + V3 = IR1 + IR2 + IR3                 —Ohm’s Law

where R is the equivalent resistance of the series combination. ∴

 IR = IR1 + IR2 + IR3

or R = R1 + R2 + R3

characteristics of a series circuit are :

 1. Same current flows.

 2. Different resistors have their individual voltage drops.

 3. Voltage drops are additive.

4. Applied voltage=sum of different voltage drop

5. Resistances are additive.

 6. Powers are additive.

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